SC Seeks Framework On National DNA System To Identify Missing Children

The Supreme Court of India on Monday termed as “very sensitive” a plea seeking the establishment of a nationwide DNA and biometric identification system for missing and rescued children, and asked the petitioner to present a clear, workable framework addressing legal and ethical concerns. A Bench led by Surya Kant and Joymalya Bagchi emphasised the need for practical solutions and institutional coordination , suggesting that multiple agencies must collaborate on a common platform. The matter has been posted for hearing after four weeks.

The petition calls for a centralised, real-time national database integrating DNA and biometric data to aid identification and reunification of missing children with their families. It proposes DNA sampling of unidentified rescued children , along with voluntary participation of biological parents or guardians, strictly for identification purposes and subject to safeguards. The plea also seeks integration of existing databases including those maintained by police, child welfare committees, shelter homes and anti-trafficking units to ensure seamless data sharing across states.

Further, it urges the creation of national and state-level task forces to strengthen inter-state coordination in cases of missing and trafficked children. It also calls for standard operating procedures covering tracing, DNA testing, reunification, rehabilitation, compensation and long-term monitoring. The court, however, indicated that such measures must balance technological benefits with privacy, consent and misuse concerns .

The plea comes amid persistent concerns over missing children in India. According to the National Crime Records Bureau, over 90,000 children are reported missing annually , amounting to hundreds each day, with many remaining untraced. Experts note that despite existing mechanisms, the lack of a fully integrated national system continues to hinder timely identification and reunification, especially in inter-state cases, underscoring the urgency of a coordinated and legally sound approach.