New Reed Snake Species Discovered in Mizoram, Adding to India’s Reptile Diversity

Scientists from Mizoram, in collaboration with researchers from Russia, Germany, and Vietnam, have discovered a new species of reed snake in the northeastern state, correcting a long-standing misidentification. The species has been officially named Calamaria mizoramensis , after Mizoram, where it was first found.

The discovery, published in the international journal Zootaxa , is the result of over a decade of research combining detailed physical examinations and DNA analysis . According to HT Lalremsanga , professor at Mizoram University’s Zoology Department and lead researcher, the specimens were initially collected in 2008 but were mistakenly classified as part of a widespread Southeast Asian species. “Our study confirms that the Mizoram population represents a distinct evolutionary lineage, unique to the state,” he said.

The team collected specimens from forested areas around Aizawl, Reiek, Sihphir, Sawlêng , and parts of Mamit and Kolasib districts . Genetic comparisons revealed that C. mizoramensis differs by more than 15% from its closest known relatives, a level of divergence sufficient to recognize it as a new species. While currently confirmed only in Mizoram, researchers suggest the species could also exist in Manipur, Nagaland, Assam , and possibly Bangladesh’s Chittagong region , though further studies are needed.

Calamaria mizoramensis is non-venomous and harmless to humans . It is nocturnal and semi-fossorial , inhabiting humid, forested hills at elevations of 670–1,295 meters , including areas near human settlements such as the Mizoram University campus . Based on its distribution and the absence of major threats, the species has been tentatively classified as “Least Concern” on the IUCN Red List.

The research also provides an updated checklist of Mizoram’s herpetofauna , documenting 169 species , including 52 amphibians and 117 reptiles. Experts say the discovery underscores the rich but poorly studied biodiversity of Northeast India and highlights the need for continued surveys in forested hill regions.

“This discovery shows that even near urban settlements, species can remain hidden from science for decades,” Lalremsanga noted. “It is a reminder of the importance of ongoing research and conservation in the region.”