India adds 2,361 MW biomass, 228 MWe waste-to-energy & 2.88 lakh biogas plants

Over the past ten years, India has witnessed significant growth in its bioenergy sector, with the installation of 2,361 MW of biomass power capacity , 228 MWe of waste-to-energy plants , and 2.88 lakh biogas plants across the country. This expansion has been supported by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) through various programmes and schemes aimed at promoting sustainable energy solutions.

The National Bioenergy Programme (NBP) Phase-I , notified on 2 November 2022, is being implemented with a budget outlay of Rs 998 crore for the period 2022–23 to 2025–26 and provides Central Financial Assistance (CFA) for the establishment of new bioenergy projects. Over the last decade, India’s bioenergy growth has also been driven by earlier initiatives such as the National Biogas and Manure Management Programme (NBMMP) during the 12th Five Year Plan, the New National Biogas & Organic Manure Programme (NNBOMP) from 2018–19 to 2020–21, and schemes promoting grid-interactive biomass power and bagasse cogeneration in sugar mills. In addition, programmes focusing on energy generation from urban, industrial, and agricultural wastes and residues, as well as biomass-based cogeneration in sugar mills and other industries, have played a key role in strengthening India’s renewable energy capacity.

State-wise data indicates that Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Punjab, and Haryana have been at the forefront of bioenergy installations, benefiting from abundant agricultural residues, industrial activity, and supportive state policies. The development of biomass, waste-to-energy, and biogas projects has not only enhanced India’s renewable energy generation but also promoted sustainable waste management, clean cooking fuel access in rural areas, and circular economy practices . With continued efforts under NBP Phase-I, the government aims to further expand bioenergy capacity and strengthen the country’s clean energy transition.