Hungary votes in crucial election that could end Viktor Orbán’s 16-year rule

Hungarians headed to the polls on Sunday in a closely watched national election that could bring an end to Prime Minister Viktor Orbán’s 16-year dominance and reshape the country’s position within Europe. Polling stations opened at 6 a.m. local time and were set to close at 7 p.m. , with Orbán and his main challenger Péter Magyar expected to cast their votes later in the day.

The election is widely seen as one of Europe’s most consequential this year , reflecting Orbán’s outsized influence on global far-right politics and his close alignment with figures such as former U.S. President Donald Trump. A vocal critic of liberal democratic institutions, Orbán has led Hungary since 2010, transforming it into what he calls an “illiberal democracy.”

During his tenure, Orbán has pursued nationalist and anti-immigration policies , curtailed media freedoms, and clashed repeatedly with the European Union over rule-of-law concerns . His government has maintained close ties with Vladimir Putin, often opposing EU sanctions and blocking key decisions, including financial aid packages to Ukraine .

Orbán has not directly involved Hungary in major wars , but his stance on the Russia-Ukraine War has drawn criticism. He has resisted military support for Ukraine and advocated for ceasefire negotiations, positioning Hungary as neutral while critics argue he has tilted toward Moscow .

On international alliances, Orbán has supported conservative and nationalist leaders globally , frequently endorsing Trump and maintaining ties with right-wing movements across Europe. He has also expressed strong backing for Israel , cultivating close ties with its leadership and consistently supporting Israel in international forums.

Challenging him is Magyar, a former insider in Orbán’s ruling Fidesz party who broke ranks in 2024 to form the centre-right Tisza party . Campaigning on anti-corruption and public service reforms , Magyar has framed the election as a turning point for Hungary’s democratic future and its relationship with Europe.

Despite rising support for the opposition, Orbán retains significant structural advantages , including strong influence over media and an electoral system widely criticised for favouring his party. As voting unfolds, the result is expected to have far-reaching implications for Hungary and Europe .