China moves to tighten oversight of Human-Like AI services

China’s cyberspace regulator has released draft rules aimed at strengthening supervision of artificial intelligence services designed to simulate human personalities and engage users in emotional interaction. The draft regulations, issued on Saturday for public consultation, reflect Beijing’s growing focus on managing the rapid expansion of consumer-facing AI technologies.

The proposed rules would apply to AI products and services available to the public in China that present human-like personality traits, thinking patterns and communication styles. These systems typically interact with users through text, images, audio, video or other digital formats and are often designed to build emotional connections.

Under the draft framework, AI service providers would be required to take responsibility for safety and ethical compliance throughout the entire product lifecycle. This includes setting up robust mechanisms for algorithm review, data security, and the protection of personal information.

A key focus of the proposed regulations is the management of psychological risks. Providers would need to assess users’ emotional states and levels of dependence on AI services. If users display signs of excessive use, addiction or extreme emotional behaviour, companies would be expected to issue warnings and take timely intervention measures.

The draft rules also establish clear content and conduct boundaries. AI services must not generate material that threatens national security, spreads rumours, or promotes violence or obscene content.

The move highlights China’s broader effort to guide the development of artificial intelligence while reinforcing safety standards, ethical norms and user protection as AI technologies become increasingly integrated into daily life.