Built to Fight Maoists, Now Deployed in Manipur: Why CoBRA Commandos Got Special Training

The Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) has provided specialised law and order and crowd control training to two elite CoBRA battalions deployed in violence-affected Manipur , as security agencies strengthen efforts to restore peace and maintain stability in the state.

The Commando Battalions for Resolute Action (CoBRA) units, known for their expertise in jungle warfare and anti-Naxal operations , have been instructed to follow strict operational protocols and avoid any “stray” or unplanned movements during their deployment. Officials said the commandos will work closely with the Manipur Police and Army units stationed in the state.

The two battalions underwent a month-long pre-induction training programme focused on crowd management, riot control techniques and handling law and order situations. The personnel are also being familiarised with the local terrain, security environment and challenges specific to Manipur.

The deployment comes against the backdrop of prolonged ethnic tensions between the Meitei and Kuki-Zo communities , which have resulted in over 260 deaths and displaced thousands of people since May 2023 .

To enhance operational capabilities, the CRPF has deployed around 100 armoured vehicles to support patrolling, transportation and quick response operations. Security forces are also working to dismantle illegal bunkers and ambush positions created by armed groups in vulnerable areas.

In June, the CRPF and other security forces carried out an area-clearing operation in Leimakhong town of Kangpokpi district , where around 30 active insurgent bunkers were dismantled, officials said.

Manipur currently has nearly 320 companies of Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) deployed, with the CRPF contributing around 200 units for maintaining security across the state.

The CoBRA force , raised by the CRPF in 2008-09 , was initially created to tackle Left Wing Extremism (LWE) and became one of India’s most specialised counter-insurgency units. Its commandos have carried out intelligence-based jungle operations and guerrilla warfare missions against Maoist groups.

After India declared itself free from organised Naxalite violence in March, some CoBRA units previously engaged in anti-Maoist operations have been reassigned to other sensitive security duties.

The CRPF is also withdrawing some personnel from West Bengal following their election-related deployment, with around 60 companies being moved out while 40 companies will continue to remain in the state for security needs.